Bibliography

1

L. Baum.
An inequality and associated maximization technique in statistical estimation of probabilistic functions of Markov processes.
Inequalities, 3:1-8, 1972.

2

L. Campbell, D. Becker, A. Azarbayejani, A. Bobick, and A. Pentland.
Invariant features for 3-d gesture recognition.
In Second Intl. Conf. on Face and Gesture Recogn., pages 157-162, 1996.

3

B. Dorner.
Hand shape identification and tracking for sign language interpretation.
In IJCAI Workshop on Looking at People, 1993.

4

I. Essa, T. Darrell, and A. Pentland.
Tracking facial motion.
In Proc. of the Workshop on Motion of Non-Rigid and Articulated Objects, Austin, Texas, Nov. 1994.

5

B. Horn.
Robot Vision.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1986.

6

X.D. Huang, Y. Ariki, and M. A. Jack.
Hidden Markov Models for Speech Recognition.
Edinburgh University Press, 1990.

7

T. Humphries, C. Padden, and T. O'Rourke.
A Basic Course in American Sign Language.
T. J. Publ., Inc., Silver Spring, MD, 1990.

8

R. Liang and M. Ouhyoung.
A real-time continuous gesture interface for Taiwanese Sign Language.
In Submitted to UIST, 1997.

9

R. Picard.
Toward agents that recognize emotion.
In Imagina98, 1998.

10

H. Poizner, U. Bellugi, and V. Lutes-Driscoll.
Perception of American Sign Language in dynamic point-light displays.
J. Exp. Pyschol.: Human Perform., 7:430-440, 1981.

11

L. R. Rabiner and B. H. Juang.
An introduction to hidden Markov models.
IEEE ASSP Magazine, pages 4-16, January 1986.

12

J. M. Rehg and T. Kanade.
DigitEyes: vision-based human hand tracking.
School of Computer Science Technical Report CMU-CS-93-220, Carnegie Mellon University, December 1993.

13

J. Schlenzig, E. Hunter, and R. Jain.
Recursive identification of gesture inputs using hidden Markov models.
Proc. Second Annual Conference on Applications of Computer Vision, pages 187-194, December 1994.

14

G. Sperling, M. Landy, Y. Cohen, and M. Pavel.
Intelligible encoding of ASL image sequences at extremely low information rates.
Comp. Vis., Graph., and Img. Proc., 31:335-391, 1985.

15

T. Starner.
Visual recognition of American Sign Language using hidden Markov models.
Master's thesis, MIT, Media Laboratory, February 1995.

16

T. Starner, J. Makhoul, R. Schwartz, and G. Chou.
On-line cursive handwriting recognition using speech recognition methods.
In ICASSP, pages 125-128, 1994.

17

T. Starner, S. Mann, B. Rhodes, J. Levine, J. Healey, D. Kirsch, R. Picard, and A. Pentland.
Augmented reality through wearable computing.
Presence, 6(4):386-398, Winter 1997.

18

T. Starner and A. Pentland.
Real-time American Sign Language recognition from video using hidden Markov models.
Technical Report 375, MIT Media Lab, Perceptual Computing Group, 1995.
Earlier version appeared ISCV'95.

19

T. Starner, J. Weaver, and A. Pentland.
Real-time american sign language recognition using desktop and wearable computer based video.
Technical Report 466, Perceptual Computing, MIT Media Laboratory, July 1998.

20

C. Vogler and D. Metaxas.
ASL recognition based on a coupling between HMMs and 3D motion analysis.
In ICCV, Bombay, 1998.

21

A. D. Wilson and A. F. Bobick.
Learning visual behavior for gesture analysis.
In Proc. IEEE Int'l. Symp. on Comp. Vis., Coral Gables, Florida, November 1995.

22

J. Yamato, J. Ohya, and K. Ishii.
Recognizing human action in time-sequential images using hidden Markov models.
Proc. Comp. Vis. and Pattern Rec., pages 379-385, 1992.

23

S. Young.
HTK: Hidden Markov Model Toolkit V1.5.
Cambridge Univ. Eng. Dept. Speech Group and Entropic Research Lab. Inc., Washington DC, 1993.